Journal:

Article Title: Intracellular Delivery and Calcium Transients Generated in Sonoporation Facilitated by Microbubbles

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.09.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus for spatiotemporal measurements of intracellular delivery of fluorescent marker and calcium transients generated by ultrasound-driven microbubble activities.

Article Snippet: Microbubble ultrasound contrast agent DefinityTM (Lantheus Medical Imaging, Billerca, MA) consists of distributed encapsulated microbubbles, each with a C 3 F 8 gas core encapsulated by an outer phospholipid shell.

Techniques: Marker, Generated

Journal:

Article Title: Intracellular Delivery and Calcium Transients Generated in Sonoporation Facilitated by Microbubbles

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.09.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram of experimental protocols for monitoring intracellular delivery and calcium transients generated by ultrasound-driven microbubbles.

Article Snippet: Microbubble ultrasound contrast agent DefinityTM (Lantheus Medical Imaging, Billerca, MA) consists of distributed encapsulated microbubbles, each with a C 3 F 8 gas core encapsulated by an outer phospholipid shell.

Techniques: Generated

Journal:

Article Title: Intracellular Delivery and Calcium Transients Generated in Sonoporation Facilitated by Microbubbles

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.09.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: Propidium iodide (PI) delivery and intracellular [Ca2+]i transients are temporally correlated with ultrasound-driven microbubbles. (A) Brightfield image with superimposed PI fluorescence image before ultrasound application. No PI is observed in the cells. The solid lines show two regions of interest within cells (Cell 1 and Cell 2). The arrow points the microbubble next to Cell 2. (B) Brightfield image with superimposed pseudocolor [Ca2+]i image, indicating the initial [Ca2+]i distribution before ultrasound application. (C) PI fluorescence intensity changes (from the baseline) as a function of time for Cells 1 and 2 induced by ultrasound simulation of the microbubbles. (D) [Ca2+]i changes for Cells 1 and 2 as a function of time. In C and D, the break indicates the period when light was directed to the high speed camera. (E) High-speed camera recordings of the ultrasound-driven microbubble inside the dashed frames in (A) and (B) showing bubble fragmentation.

Article Snippet: Microbubble ultrasound contrast agent DefinityTM (Lantheus Medical Imaging, Billerca, MA) consists of distributed encapsulated microbubbles, each with a C 3 F 8 gas core encapsulated by an outer phospholipid shell.

Techniques: Fluorescence

Journal:

Article Title: Intracellular Delivery and Calcium Transients Generated in Sonoporation Facilitated by Microbubbles

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.09.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: Intracellular delivery of propidium iodide (PI) and intracellular [Ca2+]i transients are spatially correlated with stimulation of microbubbles by ultrasound. (A) Time-lapse PI fluorescence images and (B) pseudocolor [Ca2+]i images, corresponding to the traces shown in Fig. 3C and D respectively. The solid lines show the two regions of interest (Cell 1 and Cell 2), while the circle outlines microbubble next to Cell 2 at the beginning of the experiment. The color bar indicates the [Ca2+]i in nM. The first row shows the cells before ultrasound exposure while the subsequent rows show the cells at the indicated times after ultrasound application.

Article Snippet: Microbubble ultrasound contrast agent DefinityTM (Lantheus Medical Imaging, Billerca, MA) consists of distributed encapsulated microbubbles, each with a C 3 F 8 gas core encapsulated by an outer phospholipid shell.

Techniques: Fluorescence

Journal:

Article Title: Intracellular Delivery and Calcium Transients Generated in Sonoporation Facilitated by Microbubbles

doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.09.031

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pore generation is corroborated by simultaneous PI uptake, [Ca2+]i increase, and fura-2 dye loss. (A) Changes in PI fluorescence intensity, [Ca2+]i, and fura-2 fluorescence intensity from excitation at 360 nm as a function of time, as induced by ultrasound-driven microbubbles for the cell shown in the inset (arrow pointing to microbubble), indicating increase in [Ca2+]i, PI uptake, and fura-2 dye loss generated by ultrasound application. Dashed lines show fitting of PI uptake and fura-2 loss to exponential recovery or decay models. (B) The change of fura-2 intensity from excitation at 360 nm and change of PI intensity change, both at 5 min since the start of fluorescence imaging for 36 cells are negatively correlated (R = –0.78), indicating loss of fura-2.

Article Snippet: Microbubble ultrasound contrast agent DefinityTM (Lantheus Medical Imaging, Billerca, MA) consists of distributed encapsulated microbubbles, each with a C 3 F 8 gas core encapsulated by an outer phospholipid shell.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Generated, Imaging